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H.R. 3781 Amended Bill

American Horse Slaughter Prevention Act



HR 3781 IH107th CONGRESS

2d Session

H. R. 3781
To prevent the slaughter of horses in and from the United States for human consumption by prohibiting the slaughter of horses for human consumption and by prohibiting the trade and transport of horseflesh and live horses intended for human consumption, and for other purposes.

IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

February 14, 2002
Mrs. MORELLA (for herself, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. JONES of North Carolina, Mr. HORN, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. HINCHEY, and Mr. LANTOS) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Agriculture, and in addition to the Committees on International Relations, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned


A BILL
To prevent the slaughter of horses in and from the United States for human consumption by prohibiting the slaughter of horses for human consumption and by prohibiting the trade and transport of horseflesh and live horses intended for human consumption, and for other purposes.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

This Act may be cited as the `American Horse Slaughter Prevention Act'.

SEC. 2. FINDINGS.

Congress makes the following findings:
  1. Horses have played a significant role in the history and culture of the United States.
  2. Horses in the United States are not raised for food or fiber.
  3. Approximately 50,000 horses from the United States are slaughtered for human consumption annually at three United States-based, foreign-owned slaughterhouses. Thousands of live horses are exported across United States borders annually for slaughter and consumption.
  4. Many horses shipped to slaughter are young, healthy animals. Others are in poor body condition and may be suffering broken limbs and other serious ailments. Many are shipped on double-deck trucks designed for shorter-necked species, such as pigs, cattle, and sheep, and are forced to travel in a bent position. Many suffer horribly during the long journey to the slaughterhouse. Horses that collapse due to injury or illness during the long journey may be trampled. Mares at risk of foaling, sick, emaciated, very young, or badly injured animals may not survive transport.
  5. Poor conditions and callous treatment in slaughterhouses for horses often result in prolonged suffering. Due to improper stunning methods, horses often endure repeated blows to the head with stunning equipment that often does not render the animals unconscious. Some animals proceed still conscious through the remaining stages of slaughter, including throat slitting.
  6. The slaughtering of horses for human consumption outside of the United States is a commercial activity that generally occurs in, and affects, both interstate and international commerce. While horses are slaughtered for human consumption primarily outside the United States, a ban on slaughtering horses for human consumption either inside or outside the United States is necessary to ensure effective enforcement of the ban on slaughtering horses for human consumption outside of the United States.
  7. The imposition of a ban on the sale of horseflesh for human consumption, regardless of its source, is consistent with the international obligations of the United States because it applies equally to domestic and foreign producers and avoids any discrimination among foreign sources of competing products. Such a ban is also consistent with provisions of international agreements to which the United States is a party that expressly allow for measures designed to protect the health and welfare of animals and to enjoin the use of deceptive trade practices in international or domestic commerce.
SEC. 3. PURPOSE.

The purpose of this Act is to ensure that horses in the United States are not slaughtered for human consumption by prohibiting-
  1. the slaughter of horses for human consumption; and
  2. the trade in horseflesh for human consumption or live horses destined for slaughter for human consumption.
SEC. 4. DEFINITIONS.

For the purposes of this Act, the following definitions apply:
  1. EUTHANASIA- The term `euthanasia' means to kill an animal humanely by chemical or other means, excluding electrocution, that immediately renders the animal unconscious, with this state remaining until the animal's swift death.
  2. EXPORT- The term `export' means to take from any place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to a place not subject to such jurisdiction, whether or not the taking constitutes an exportation within the meaning of the customs laws of the United States.
  3. HORSE- The term `horse' means all members of the equid family, including horses, ponies, donkeys, mules, asses, and burros.
  4. HORSEFLESH- The term `horseflesh' means the flesh of a dead horse, including the animal's viscera, skin, hair, hide, hooves, and bones.
  5. HUMAN CONSUMPTION- The term `human consumption' means ingestion by people as a source of food.
  6. IMPORT- The term `import' means to bring into any place subject to the jurisdiction of the United States from a place not subject to such jurisdiction, whether or not the bringing constitutes an importation within the meaning of the customs laws of the United States.
  7. PERSON- The term `person' means--
    • (A) an individual, corporation, partnership, trust, association, or other private entity;
    • (B) an officer, employee, agent, department, or instrumentality of--
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    •   (i) the Federal Government; or
    •   (ii) any State, municipality, or political subdivision of State; or
    • (C) any other entity subject to the jurisdiction of the United States.
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  8. SECRETARY- The term `Secretary' means the Secretary of Agriculture.
  9. SLAUGHTER- The term `slaughter' means the commercial slaughter of a horse.
  10. STATE- The term `State' means the several States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, American Samoa, and any other territory, or possession of the United States.
  11. TRANSPORT- The term `transport' means to move by any means, or to receive or load onto a vehicle for the purpose of movement.
  12. UNITED STATES- The term `United States' means the customs territory of the United States, as defined in general note 2 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States.
SEC. 5. PROHIBITED ACTS.

(a) IN GENERAL- A person shall not--
  1. slaughter a horse for human consumption;
  2. import into, or export from, the United States horseflesh for human consumption or live horses intended for slaughter for human consumption;
  3. sell or barter, offer to sell or barter, purchase, possess, transport, deliver, or receive horseflesh for human consumption or live horses intended for slaughter for human consumption; or
  4. solicit, request, or otherwise knowingly cause any act prohibited under paragraph (1), (2), or (3).
SEC. 6. PENALTIES AND ENFORCEMENT.

(a) CRIMINAL PENALTIES- A person who violates section 5 shall be fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned for not more than 1 year, or both.

(b) CIVIL PENALTIES-
  1. IN GENERAL- Any person who violates any provision of section 5 shall, in addition to any other civil or criminal penalty that may be imposed under title 18, United States Code, or any other provision of law, be assessed, by the Secretary, a civil penalty of not more than $5,000 but not less than $2,500, and shall have confiscated all horses in that person's physical or legal possession at the time of arrest, if said horses are intended for slaughter.
  2. DEBARMENT- The Secretary shall prohibit a person from importing, exporting, transporting, trading, or selling horses in the United States, if the Secretary finds that the person has engaged in a pattern or practice of actions that has resulted in a final administrative determination with respect to the assessment of criminal or civil penalties for violations of any provision of this Act.
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(c) NOTICE; HEARING- No monetary penalty may be assessed under this subsection against a person unless the person is given notice and opportunity for a hearing with respect to such violation in accordance with section 554 of title 5, United States Code.

(d) ENFORCEMENT-
  1. IN GENERAL- The provisions of this Act shall be enforced by the Secretary. When imposing penalties under this section, the Secretary shall take into account the seriousness of the violation, the culpability of the violator, and the violator's record of cooperating with the Government in disclosing the violation.
  2. PLACEMENT OF CONFISCATED HORSES-
    • (A) TEMPORARY PLACEMENT- After confiscation of a live horse pursuant to this Act, the arresting authorities shall work with animal welfare societies and animal control departments to ensure the temporary placement of the horse with an animal rescue facility that is an organization described in section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and is exempt from taxation under section 501(a) of such Code, while the person charged with violating this Act is prosecuted. If placement at such a facility is not possible, the arresting authorities shall work with animal welfare societies and animal control departments to temporarily place the horse with a facility that has as its primary purpose the humane treatment of animals, or another suitable location.
    • (B) BONDS-
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    •   (i) POSTING OF BOND- The owner of a horse confiscated pursuant to this Act may prevent permanent placement of the horse by the facility that has temporary custody of the horse by posting a bond with the court in an amount the court determines is sufficient to provide for the necessary care and keeping of the horse for at least 60 days, including the day on which the horse was taken into custody. Such bond shall be filed with the court within 10 days after the horse is confiscated. If a bond is not so posted, the custodial facility shall determine permanent placement of the horse in accordance with reasonable practices for the humane treatment of animals. If the animal has not yet been returned to the owner at the end of the time for which expenses are covered by the bond, and if the owner desires to prevent permanent placement of the animal by the custodial facility, the owner shall post a new bond with the court within ten days following the prior bond's expiration. If a new bond is not so posted, the custodial facility shall determine permanent placement of the horse in accordance with reasonable practices for the humane treatment of animals.
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    •   (ii) COSTS FOR PROVIDING CARE FOR HORSE DEDUCTED FROM BOND- If a bond has been posted in accordance with clause (i), the custodial facility may draw from the bond the actual reasonable costs incurred by the facility in providing the necessary care and keeping of the confiscated horse from the date of the initial confiscation to the date of final disposition of the horse in the criminal action charging a violation of this Act.
    • (C) PERMANENT PLACEMENT- Any horse confiscated pursuant to this Act and not returned to the owner thereafter (except where otherwise provided in paragraph (3)) shall be placed permanently with an animal rescue facility or other suitable facility as described in this section upon--
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    •   (i) the conviction of the horse's owner pursuant to this Act;
    •   (ii) the owner's surrender of the horse;
    •   (iii) the failure of the horse's owner to post a bond as required in accordance with subparagraph (B); or
    •   (iv) the Secretary's inability to identify the owner.
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  3. EUTHANASIA OF HORSES-
    • (A) HORSES PAST RECOVERY- The Secretary or any individual charged with enforcing this Act shall order or perform the immediate euthanasia of any confiscated horse when such horse is injured, disabled, or diseased past recovery. Methods used shall be in accordance with the most recent Report of the American Veterinary Medical Association's Panel on Euthanasia and State and local laws, but shall not include electrocution.
    • (B) UNPLACEABLE HORSES- The Secretary or any individual charged with enforcing this Act may order or perform the euthanasia of any confiscated horse when placement at an animal rescue facility or other suitable facility, as described in this section, is not possible within 30 days of any circumstance as described in Section 6(d)(2)(C).
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(e) FUNDING OF ANIMAL RESCUE FACILITIES-
  1. GRANTS- To the extent that funds are made available for this purpose by Acts of appropriation, the Secretary shall make grants to animal rescue facilities described in this section that have given adequate assurances to the Secretary that they are willing to accept horses confiscated pursuant to this Act.
  2. PENALTIES, FINES, AND FORFEITED PROPERTY- Amounts received as penalties, fines, or forfeited property under this Act shall be used for the care of any live horses seized from violators of this Act and taken into the possession of the United States or placed with an animal rescue facility as described in this section.
(f) CALCULATION OF VIOLATIONS- For purposes of this section, a separate offense shall be calculated as follows:
  1. Each live horse transported, traded, or possessed in violation of this Act shall constitute a separate offense.
  2. Five hundred pounds of confiscated horseflesh shall constitute a separate offense.
SEC. 7. REPORT ON ENFORCEMENT EFFORTS.

Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act, and on an annual basis thereafter, the Secretary shall submit a report to Congress on the efforts of the United States Government to enforce the provisions of this Act and the adequacy of the resources to do so.

SEC. 8. EXEMPTIONS.
  • (a) IN GENERAL- Except as provided in section 5, nothing in this Act shall be construed to affect the regulation by any State of its horse population.
  • (b) EXCEPTION FOR DESIGNATED LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIAL PURPOSES- A person described in section 4(7)(B) may engage in activities described in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of section 5 solely for purposes of enforcing this Act.
SEC. 9. DATE OF ENFORCEMENT.

This Act shall take effect one year after the date of the enactment of this Act.

END


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